What is a method of helping students understand a complex concept by comparing it to a related condition?

The method of helping students understand a complex concept by comparing it to a related condition is known as an analogy. An analogy draws a parallel between two different situations or domains to highlight similarities, making it easier for learners to grasp the new or complex idea. By illustrating a comparison to something familiar, students can relate their existing knowledge to the unfamiliar concept, thereby facilitating better comprehension.

For instance, if you were teaching about the structure of an atom, you might compare it to the solar system, where electrons revolve around the nucleus like planets orbiting the sun. This creates a relatable visualization that can help students understand atomic structure more clearly.

In contrast, a metaphor typically implies that one thing is another to emphasize similarities, which can sometimes obscure rather than clarify understanding. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that hasn't yet been tested, and it does not serve the purpose of clarifying complex ideas for learners. An example, while useful for illustrating or demonstrating a concept, lacks the comparative structure that an analogy provides, which is key to fostering deeper understanding of complex subjects.